<p>The Sample-McDougald House  is a 4,700 ft&sup2; historic home in Pompano Beach, Florida, built in 1916. It is currently located at 450 Northeast 10th Street, but was originally built on Dixie Highway and moved to its present location by the Sample-McDougald House Preservation Society in 2001. On September 15, 2004, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The house is open as a house museum of pioneer South Florida lifestyle. The house grounds are Centennial Park, maintained by the city of Pompano Beach.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>It is a two-story wood house with an irregular floor plan. Large central hallways on each floor are the axis of the interior space.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original site and building known as the Sample Estate was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. When the house was moved in 2001 it was de-listed. In 2004 it was renominated (as the "Sample-McDougald House") and added to the register in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Clark–Chalker House is a historic home in the Middleburg Historic District in Middleburg, Florida, located at 3891 Main Street. On October 5, 1988, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1835, the house may have been the site of Fort Heilemans (c. 1835-1842) army hospital. The house was purchased by Isaac Varnes in 1845, and then by William Sims Bardin in 1859. Bardins daughter, Martha Anne, married Albert Chalker in December 1865; Chalker was a veteran of the American Civil War, having served under Captain J.J. Dickison in the Second Florida Cavalry.</p><br>
<p>The Clark-Chalker House was located along the route of the Federal Military Road, of which Main Street was part; the Federal Road began in Colerain, Georgia and ran south through Garey&#39;s Ferry (Middleburg) and concluding in Tampa.</p><br>
<h2>Notability as historic landmark</h2><br>
<p>It was deemed notable as it "was one of the original houses built in the town of Middleburg and was associated with two of the pioneer families of the</p><br>
<p>town for almost a hundred years."</p><br>
<p>In the 1980s the home was purchased by a local family (Gaudet) and served as their primary residence until the early 1990s. While owned by the Gaudet family, the building was added to the national historical register. During the Gaudet period of ownership, the property was bisected creating the address 3893 Main street. The purpose of this change was to accommodate another historic building being added to the property. The building added was the original Middleburg Masonic lodge that was scheduled for demolition. The then owner of the Chalker house, Larry Gaudet, hoping to preserve the lodge building, purchased the building from the masonic organization and had it moved to the Chalker property. The building was then restored and served as a part-time residence for the family until such time as both properties were sold in the early 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The George A. Chalker House  is a historic house in the Middleburg Historic District, Middleburg, Florida. Located at 2160 Wharf Street, the Edenfield House is the only historic home in the district to not be located on Main Street.</p><br>
<p>Built around 1897, it was originally designed in the Folk Victorian style, but was later remodeled to fit the Colonial Revival style that was popular in the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>In 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Hallstrom House  is a historic house in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 1723 Southwest Old Dixie Highway.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Beginning as a 40 acre pineapple plantation in 1909 the main house was erected by Swedish horticulturist Axel Hallström. With help from Norse and Swedish craftsmen, the structure was completed in 1918. Later on, after Axel moved on to the citrus business, he eventually moved out. After Axel Hallström&#39;s death in 1966, his daughter continued the citrus business until the 1980s. In July 2000, efforts to preserve the remaining 5 acre plantation were achieved when Ruth Hallström willed them for the sole purpose of preserving the farmhouse. On June 6, 2002, the farmhouse was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Moses J. Taylor House, also known as the Dreamspinner Bed and Breakfast Inn, is a historic home in Eustis, Florida that has been operated as a bed and breakfast since about 1997. It was built in about 1881 as a two-and-a-half-story private home with elements of Italianate architecture. It was on a large property surrounded by citrus groves of the Taylor family until the land was split off for residential subdivisions built in the 1950s and 1960s.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The property then included four non-contributing structures in addition to the one contributing building.</p><br>
<p>Moses J. Taylor was involved in the incorporation of Eustis as a town and served as its first town clerk.</p><br>
<p>Italianate elements of the house include a cornice with decorative brackets, chamfered columns on its wraparound porch, and pedimented windows and doors. Its gable ends include jig-sawn truss work that is described as Gothic Revival in style.</p><br>
<p>The William Kimbrough Pendleton House  is a historic house located at 1208 Chesterfield Court in Eustis, Florida. On January 13, 1983, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The home is named for its most illustrious owner, William Kimbrough Pendleton, who moved here in 1886 in retirement; the house served as his home until his death. The house was expanded during his ownership and retains the look of that 1886 remodeling to this day.</p><br>
<p>Pendleton had served as the Second President of Bethany College. He was born in Yanceyville, Virginia, September 7, 1817, and died at Bethany, West Virginia, on September 1, 1899.</p><br>
<p>The Howey Mansion is a historic home in Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida, United States. It is located at 1001 North Citrus Avenue, Howey in the Hills, Florida. The mansion is a 7188 square foot, 20 room Mediterranean Revival Style home.</p><br>
<p>Howey Mansion is named after William John Howey, who founded Howey in the Hills.</p><br>
<p>The house was designed by architect Katharine Cotheal Budd from 1925 to 1927. On January 27, 1983, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>On April 12, 2017, the house was listed for sale at $480,000. It reportedly attracted widespread attention, with prospective buyers traveling hundreds of miles to see the home. More than 10 offers were made on the home after just 9 days on the market.</p><br>
<p>The new owners, Brad and Clay Cowherd, Orlando real estate investors and entrepreneurs, have made progress on a period-accurate restoration of the house. It will be a venue for weddings and events.</p><br>
<p>The Mote-Morris House is a historic house in Leesburg, Florida, United States. It was located at 1021 West Main Street. On December 27, 1974, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It was moved to 1195 West Magnolia Street on September 1, 1990. h</p><br>
<p>The City of Leesburg owns the house, and opens it for public tours twice a month. It is also available for rent for special occasions. As of February 20, 2018 the house suffered a devastating fire. The fire marshal ruled it to not be arson, however a witness told police multiple persons were seen inside the structure between two and three a.m. The damage was extensive.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mote-Morris was built in 1892 by Leesburg&#39;s eight-term Mayor, Edward H. Mote, at a cost of $9,000. The house has two-storeys, with a single four-storey turret. The Mote family sold the house in 1908 to Bishop Henry Clay Morrison, and in 1918, it came into the possession of the Morris family, which resided there for the next 70 years.</p><br>
<h2>Relocation</h2><br>
<p>On 1 September 1990 the house was relocated to Magnolia Street, having previously stood on Main Street.</p><br>
<p>The Duncan House, or Harry C. Duncan House, is a historic home in Tavares, Florida, United States. It is located at 426 Lake Dora Drive. On August 8, 1997, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The home is notable as an example of the Colonial Revival style of architecture and was designed by Katharine Cotheal Budd, the first woman to be granted membership in the New York chapter of the American Institute of Architects.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1925, the house was used as an event venue, set location, bed and breakfast and private residence.</p><br>
<p>The Willimantic Footbridge is a pedestrian bridge in the Willimantic section of Windham, Connecticut. Built in 1906, it extends from Main Street southward, across Riverside Drive, railroad tracks, and the Willimantic River, connecting downtown Willimantic to the residential area south of the river. It is one of a small number of pedestrian bridges built in the early 20th century to survive in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The north end of the Willimantic Footbridge is located near the eastern end of its downtown commercial district, between North and Church Streets on Main Street. The bridge is a five-span steel truss structure, about 600 ft in length. The trusses are mainly mounted on steel trestle piers, although one is of granite rubblestone. The Main Street abutment is built out of ashlar granite blocks, while that on the south bank of the river is rubblestone. The trusses are all through trusses of three different types, with two heavy spans spanning the longest sections, across the river and the tracks of the Central Vermont Railroad. Lighter spans cross the Providence and Worcester Railroad tracks and Riverside Drive, with an even lighter span at the northernmost end.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built in 1906 to connect the commercial core to the southern residential part of Willimantic. A bridge was first proposed for this area in 1877, but no action was taken until the early 20th century, when city leaders were seeking to create a downtown area more suitable for pedestrian use. This bridge is a popular site in Willimantic. It is the only footbridge in New England to span both a river and a railroad.</p><br>
<p>The Florida Power and Light Company Ice Plant  is a historic site in Melbourne, Florida, United States, formerly operated by Florida Power & Light. It is located at 1604 South Harbor City Boulevard. On November 17, 1982, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the plant began in December 1926 after the approval of a permit; it was completed in the spring of 1927. The original estimated cost was $30,000, The plant, which had an ice capacity of 50 tons at its peak, ceased operation in 1977.</p><br>
<p>At various times, proposals have been made to redevelop the building as a restaurant, offices, or residential space.</p><br>
<p>distinguishBryan House </p><br>
<p>The Bryan Building, which has also been known as the Shepherd Building and as the DeSoto Hotel, is a historic site in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 220-230 Brickell Avenue. In 1997 it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>It is a two-story masonry vernacular building. It has brick detailing and brick columns in its front facade. The brick facade is unusual in south Florida, most buildings there are constructed of poured concrete or hollow clay tile. It is a rectangular building that faces west with five storefronts, separated by brick pilasters that have large plate glass windows. The upper floor has eight windows with brick framing resembling a simplified Greek key design. The first and second floor are divided by a cast stucco course with a projecting pediment, below which is an arched door. The south side of the building has four ground floor windows and two doorways the back one leading to a stairway to the second floor and the one on the southwest corner served as the entrance to offices. On this side the first and second floors are divided by a single band of raised brick. The upper story windows are detailed similarly to those on the west side. Primary access to the upper floors has been via a stairway inside the west-facing arched doorway. The upstairs floor and ceiling were constructed of Dade County Pine.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was built by Thomas Bryan after the 1912 fire in downtown Fort Lauderdale and it is the least altered building of its era in the area. Thomas was the son of Nathaniel Bryan who supervised construction of the extension of Henry Flaglers Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami. He was active in the development and city affairs of Fort Lauderdale and is his activities helped lead to the establishment of Broward County. The area the building is located in was Fort Lauderdales original downtown commercial center.</p><br>
<h2>Usage</h2><br>
<p>The Post Office was located in the building from 1914 to 1925, about this time The Fort Lauderdale Bank also occupied the ground floor. From the 1920s to the early 1990s the second floor was a hotel or rooming house. Hotels in the building included the Hotel DeSoto (1919 to at least 1927), the Lee Hotel (1936-1938), the Hotel Boriss (1940–1946) and the Dorsey Hotel (1950–1965) a men-only hotel with a cowboy motif. The law offices of attorney and City Judge Ennis Shepherd occupied a portion of the ground floor from 1947 to the early 1900s. Reads Dry Goods where locals often purchased materials to make clothes, other dry goods merchants, beef purveyors, real estate offices and insurance agencies were among other tenants. Fort Lauderdales downtown business district declined in the 1960s due to suburbanization. The building got a historically appropriate renovation about 1998. The renovation and application for designation as historic was part of a deal a local developer made allowing the demolition of another old local building, the Oliver Building.</p><br>
<p>The Croissant Park Administration Building is a historic site in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 1421 South Andrews Avenue. On July 25, 2001, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>Built in the mission revival architectural style in 1923 the architect is believed to be Francis Abreu. Abreu designed many Fort Lauderdale buildings during the 1920s. An L-shaped two-story poured concrete building, it features a textured stucco exterior and concrete lamps on the roof corners. The 6,000 square foot building has a cut corner entrance and a flat roof with parapets. Inside a cypress wood staircase leads to the second floor which has Dade Pine floors.</p><br>
<h2>Croissant Park</h2><br>
<p>G. Frank Croissant used this building as headquarters for sales of the Croissant Park development. Croissant Park was built from 1,200 acres Croissant bought in 1924 for $1.25 million. It was one of the largest Fort Lauderdale developments of the Florida land boom of the 1920s.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>In 2001 the owners of the building and the Sam Gilliam house received an award for the rehabilitation and preservation of the two buildings from the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The Link Trainer Building  is an historic structure in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. On May 20, 1998, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The wood frame vernacular building was part of the Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale (NAS Ft Lauderdale). It was used to train torpedo bomber pilots during World War II using Link Trainer flight simulators. the building serves as the Naval Station Fort Lauderdale Museum.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1942. It is a one-story, split-level, wood-frame vernacular building with wood walls and a tar and gravel roof that sat about 30 in above the ground on a foundation of concrete piers. The exterior is composition siding. The flat roof is built up on top of wood tongue and groove decking supported by wood joists. It is covered with tar and gravel. The 3 foot roof overhang has a large fascia and a metal drip edge.</p><br>
<p>It is 114 ft long and 41 ft feet wide and is composed of two wings. The building has approximately 4,674 ft&sup2; of floor space. The entrance, between the two wings has a small equipment room above it. This "penthouse" rises above and separates the taller left wing from the right. The front and back have grouped 1/1 light sashes as does the side of the tall wing. The side of the shorter wing has a pair of fixed windows with a center pane and two three pane side lights. The main entrance has double doors with a diamond shaped light in each. The building has three entrances with wood steps. The wood floor is tongue and groove decking on wood joists. In 1998 the original surfaces and materials had been obscured by alterations and the building was disused.</p><br>
<h3>Site</h3><br>
<p>The building was located at 4050 Southwest 14th Avenue in the former NAS Ft Lauderdale where it had been designated, "Building #8. At the end of 1999, the building, which weighs 300 shortton, was cut from the old foundation and jacked up hydraulically to be moved out of the airport and to its current location at 4000 West Perimeter Road in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It remains on the grounds of the Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport.</p><br>
<h2>World War II</h2><br>
<p>Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale was established on a civilian airport in 1942 to train torpedo bomber pilots for the Pacific theater in World War II. Training in the Link Trainer Building began on December 28, 1942. The air station made a significant contribution to the war effort with up to 3,600 personnel stationed there. The Link Trainers were early flight simulators used to teach "flying blind" or by instrument only. The student was in a dark compartment with instruments, gauges and controls. A linked map displayed the simulated results using a "bug".</p><br>
<p>The building housed up to 6 Link Trainers which each student was trained on for four hours. Another four hours of video instruction was provided in Building #8. The aircraft they were training to fly was the Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bomber. Most airmen trained as NAS Fort Lauderdale were subsequently assigned to squadrons which flew the planes from aircraft carriers in the Pacific. Among them was the then 19 year–old Ensign George H. W. Bush, future United States President.</p><br>
<p>The air station remained active for some time after the war until in 1948 it was declared surplus by the United States Navy. In stages the air station reverted to civilian control and ownership and Building #8 the Link Trainer Building became the property of Broward County. From a peak of 110 naval buildings during the war the remaining structures dwindled through the years. In 1978 about ten remained, in 1989 there were five. By 1998 the Naval Surface Weapons Center building had been demolished leaving only the Link Trainer Building. The NAS Fort Lauderdale had become the Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>Vacant from 1945 to 1955 from then until 1980 it was leased for private offices. From 1981 to 1987 it was used as office space by consults involved in planning the expansion of the Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport. The Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale Historical Association was active in fostering interest in the historic building and having it nominated to be added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Founded in 1979 by WW II sailor Allan McElhiney the association first obtained a grant from the City of Fort Lauderdale to restore the interior of the building. In 1995 the Broward County Avaiation Department applied for a federal grant to restore and move the building. The grant became contingent on the building being listed as on the National Register of Historic Places. Eventually a grant from the United States Department of Transportation funding moving and refurbishing the building.</p><br>
<p>Since being moved to its current location it has been operated as the Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale Museum. The museum now has one Link Trainer on display. It was obtained by the museum in 2007 and restored the following year. The museums displays include "The George Bush Room" a recreated soldiers barracks, "Broward Goes to War" and a memorial to Flight 19 a group Grumann Avengers flying out of NAS Fort Lauderdale whose disappearance is unexplained.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn is a historic site in Fort Lauderdale, Florida located at 231 Southwest 2nd Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn was constructed in 1905 by the area&#39;s first contractor Edwin T. King. It was commissioned by Nathan Philemon Bryan, a Jacksonville native and US senator. It was one of the first hotels built in the Fort Lauderdale area.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The building was constructed of hollow concrete blocks and sand dredged from the nearby beach. This set the standard for modern construction in the region. It included sewer and irrigation systems along with running ice water and was lit with carbide lamps.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 24-room building served as a hotel from 1905 to 1955. It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>In 1976, the Inn became the first out of the two buildings to house the Museum of Discovery and Science as the Discovery Center, and the first floor housed exhibits about natural history, while the second floor housed exhibits about non-natural history, and the exhibits were obsolete, so the museum was relocated in 1992, to another larger facility a few blocks away.</p><br>
<p>The Inn now serves as a museum of Florida&#39;s past and pioneer life. The museum is owned and operated by the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society. Permanent exhibits include "Panorama of the Past" detailing the history of the Greater Fort Lauderdale area, a hotel room which has been decorated to appear as a typical hotel room of 1908, and the historic King-Cromartie House built in 1907.</p><br>
<p>The New River Inn is part of a complex of buildings called Old Fort Lauderdale Village that is operated by the Fort Lauderdale Historical Society, The society offers both self-guided and docent-led tours.</p><br>
<p>The Hollywood Womans Club is a historic womans club at 501 North 14th Avenue in Hollywood, Florida. On February 10, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The club is a one-story, wood-frame vernacular meeting hall with a front gabled roof. It was erected in 1927. The 53 by rectangular building sits on a raised concrete block foundation. The roof is supported by wooden trusses and covered by asphalt shingles.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The main entrance on the west side of the building faces North 14th Avenue. The building is fronted by a concrete porch with three steps leading to louvered double doors surrounded by windows. Panels of five lights each flank the doors, and above it a seven panel fanlight frames a sign with the club&#39;s name. Gabled returns supported by pilasters and a pair of Tuscan columns show a neoclassical architectural influence. Two four-light windows with green shutters are centered on either side of the door. Each of the windows has green two-panel shutters with cutouts of a full moon on top and a crescent moon on the bottom. The north and south side have four windows each, and the back of the building has three. The building is painted white and sheathed in clapboard except the four bottom courses covered with asbestos shingles. The porches and roof are green.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The front doors lead directly into the main assembly room. This room is 40 ft deep and 30 ft wide. There are white plaster walls and wooden door surrounds with a podium area on the east side distinguished by a framed 48 in panel of seven 12 in boards. The back 11 ft of the building is equally divided into a kitchen and a dressing and storage room.</p><br>
<h3>Alterations</h3><br>
<p>The doors were originally ten-light French doors. There was lattice work on either side of the columns in front that has been removed. The double-hung multiple-light windows have been replaced with aluminum frame awning windows. A section of the east wall has been rebuilt without noticeably modifying the appearance. A back window was replaced by a door with a small porch. The kitchen was remodeled in 1944 with the installation of an electric refrigerator and gas stove. A suspended ceiling conceals the retained original wood tongue-and-groove ceiling. The main room has been carpeted, the bathrooms tiled, and a dishwasher installed in the kitchen. Walls and ceilings have been refurbished.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>The land under the club and the surrounding Hollywood Lakes neighborhood was built up using the dredging from the two man-made lakes created as part of the development. The clubs landscaping includes hedges, palms, shrubs, and open lawn. The building was originally planned to fit in with the architecture of local homes, but due to financial issues, a simple wooden building was constructed with a neoclassical facade. The double lot was donated to the Hollywood Womans Club by Joseph W. Young, the founder of Hollywood, specifically for a club house. The womans club was organized in 1922 at the time when the city was just coming to be. The womans club meshed closely with the vision of the town founders, and it played an important role in the development of the City of Hollywood.</p><br>
<p>Cap&#39;s Place, originally named Club Unique, is a historic site in Lighthouse Point, Florida, United States. It opened in 1928 as a speakeasy , gambling den and restaurant. It is the oldest extant structure in the City of Lighthouse Point and the oldest commercial enterprise in the area. It has operated as a restaurant since opening and is the oldest restaurant in Broward County, Florida. On August 10, 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is located at 2980 Northeast 31st Avenue. There is no parking at the site ; all patrons must take a free boat shuttle to the facility.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>Cap&#39;s Place is a collection of five wood-frame vernacular buildings, four of which are considered historic. The first building was erected in 1928 on a beached dredging barge. The site was expanded to its current L-shaped configuration in 1929. At the time of this construction the peninsula was very narrow and portions of the buildings extended over the water. In the 1960s the bay side of the peninsula was filled, raising the elevation of the land and extending the shoreline past some of the buildings that had been partially over water. The site is flanked by water to the east and west. A buffer of slash pine and Australian pine to the north and south retains much of the feel of the original setting. It was originally only accessible by water.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The structures making up the establishment are a restaurant (original building with expansion), a bar, a fish house, a dock and walkways and a boat house (not considered historic due to alterations). All of the buildings were constructed with native materials, including Cuban mahogany, bamboo, pecky cypress, and Dade County pine. Some of the building material was purchased from the recently established Pompano Lumber Company. The restaurant was built in two stages; the initial portion was constructed on a beached dredging barge which raised the structure above ground level.</p><br>
<h3>The restaurant</h3><br>
<p>The barge was stripped to provide a base for a one-story wood-framed building with a gabled roof. The interior and exterior wall of this portion are constructed of thick horizontal pine planks. The windows and doors are symmetrically placed and original wood casings and surrounds remain. The main entrance is on the east side and is flanked by multiple pane windows with wood sashing. The south side is covered with plywood for protection from water damage but windows are visible from the interior. This portion forms the east–west portion of the extant L-shape.</p><br>
<p>The restaurant addition is a long rectangular building sitting on concrete block piers and has wood floors and a horizontal board exterior. Built of Dade County pine, this building has a low-pitched asphalt shingle roof. The main entrance is on the north side, with another entrance on the east side. While aluminium windows have been installed on east and west sides, the original window woodwork remains intact. This addition had red carpet and became known as the "Poinsettia Room" or the "Poinciana Room". It was joined to the original building by a foyer in 1954. The Poinsettia Room was the principal site of gambling. The original building was divided into dining rooms, one of which was painted yellow and separated by 3/4 height walls, and a kitchen in the northwest portion of the building. Between the "yellow room" and other dining rooms there was a hallway lined with six nooks where slot machines were located. These nooks remain intact in size and shape but shelving has been added. A money counting room at the south end of the Poinsettia Room had a private exit to the east.</p><br>
<h3>The bar</h3><br>
<p>The bar located to the north of the restaurant is connected to it by decking with picnic tables. It is a rectangular building with windows that match those of the restaurant, and has a south facing door. Patrons in the deck area are served through a wood-shuttered opening east of the door. There is an additional door and a small projecting storage room on the west side. The interior decoration of the bar is distinct; a large bar of everglades bamboo topped with old ship decking and accentuated by a mirror is the dominant feature of the room. The bar and restaurant are decorated throughout with flotsam and jetsam and memorabilia.</p><br>
<h3>Other buildings</h3><br>
<p>Soon after the initial construction a fish house was built on pilings over the water. This small rectangular building was used for fish cleaning and dish washing; dirty water and fish scraps were dumped into the water. Over time the shoreline has silted in, and this structure is now used for storage. The pilings that had elevated it above the water remain visible. The buildings of Cap&#39;s Place are connected by a series of decks, piers and docks. While the shoreline has changed, these structures remain intact. A boat house where the owners lived on the site has been extensively repaired and reconstructed, and is not considered historic because of this. A six-room bunkhouse built to provide housing for restaurant workers no longer exists.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1928 Eugene Theodore "Cap" Knight and Albert Hasis beached a dredging barge on a small peninsula in the Hillsboro Inlet and built a restaurant on its stripped base. They named the restaurant Club Unique, but it was always known as "Cap&#39;s Place". Knight had operated a store and restaurant nearby since 1920. He had also been engaged in rum-running for some time.</p><br>
<p>The barge, purchased for, was originally beached about a half a mile from its current location. It was moved due to expansion of the Intracoastal Waterway; the hawser ropes used are wrapped around a large piling in the bar.</p><br>
<p>From the beginning it was clear that Club Unique would be a speakeasy with gambling and dining. By the end of 1929, the club had expanded with the construction of a number of other buildings. Knight also operated a separate gambling barge nearby in the 1940s. Caps Place is historically important locally, to Florida and the United States as an early local commercial enterprise run by one of the original settlers in the area, and as a part of the rum-running and gambling history of southern Florida and the US. Author Carmen McGarry wrote about Caps Place, "A landmark comparable to no other in south Florida, it has withstood prohibition, mobsters, depression, wars, the ravages of nature, and many joyful and peaceful times for nearly a century."</p><br>
<p>One unique aspect of Caps Place was that it was only accessible by water (until 1953). Patrons would drive to Hillsboro beach and flash their headlights, signalling an employee who would row across the water and take them to the restaurant. Caps Place is now accessible by road, but only handicap parking is available on-site, and most patrons continue to be ferried by boat.</p><br>
<p>The restaurant had unusual items on the menu and a reputation for very fresh seafood. The Hillsboro Club across the Intracoastal did not serve alcohol, and customers would come to Caps Place to drink. Originally the dinner menu was just shrimp, snapper, pompano, Spanish mackerel, fried oysters, and chicken. Knight "didnt didnt even believe in dessert. If we havent fed em enough, were doing something wrong", according to Talle Hasis.</p><br>
<h3>Eugene and Lola Knight</h3><br>
<p>Eugene "Cap" Knight was born in or near the Canaveral lighthouse, Cape Canaveral, Florida in 1871. Knight was one of the earliest settlers in the Hillsboro Beach area. From a seafaring family, he left home at 13 to join the merchant marine. He started as mess boy on a lighthouse tender and left the service 35 years later in 1919 as a Master of Morgan Line Steamers, sailing between New Orleans and New York.</p><br>
<p>In 1916 Knight married his second wife, Lola Saunders, a schoolteacher for the children of lighthouse employees and fishermen of Hillsboro Inlet. Lola Saunders, the daughter of a circuit riding Methodist preacher, was born in a log cabin near Cross Creek in an area now part of the Ocala National Forest.</p><br>
<p>When Prohibition started in 1920, the couple got involved in rum-running.</p><br>
<p>Another brother, Burnham Gray Knight, has been called the founder of charter fishing.</p><br>
<p>Historian Wesley Stout called Eugene Knight an "outstanding character of Broward County." Author Carmen McGarry wrote, "Cap was truly a legend of his time."</p><br>
<p>Lola Knight later recalled, "many a night hauling those sacks of liquor up the beach" and making runs to deliver to their customers. When asked if she was scared, she replied, "Scared? We were never scared. Im not afraid of the devil himself, and neither was Cap." She slept with a loaded pistol under her pillow and often worked as hostess for the restaurant wearing a cotton dress, diamond necklace and no shoes. A story she often told was of Henry Flagler eating a favorite dish at Caps Place, fresh pompano, then later writing the word "pompano" on one of his railroad maps; the location became Pompano Beach, Florida.</p><br>
<p>The barge Cap&#39;s Place was built on was previously owned by Flagler and he had used it in constructing his Overseas Railroad. Lola Knight said, "We paid off everybody."</p><br>
<h3>Albert Hasis and Sylvester Love</h3><br>
<p>Around 1926 Knight met and befriended the 16 year old Albert Hasis from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The bar is built from bamboo and polished wood from ship&#39;s decks; an oil portrait of Knight hangs over the bar. Hasis met and married Patricia "Pat" McBride in 1945. Knight had never bought the land the restaurant was built on, Patricia Hasis borrowed $5,000 and bought the 1,000 feet of land on the Intracoastal Waterway. Albert and Patricia Hasis died in 1982 and are buried in the Deerfield Beach Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>In 1940 Sylvester Love came to work at the Club Unique, starting as a dishwasher, he advanced to chef.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>Caps Place enjoyed its peak popularity in the 1930s and 1940s when locals and tourists frequented the establishment to dine, drink, and gamble. At the time there was limousine service from the upscale Palm Beach County hotels. A partial list of notable visitors includes Meyer Lansky, Al Capone, Humphrey Bogart, Myrna Loy, Jack Dempsey, Casey Stengel, Bill Clinton, George Harrison, Mariah Carey, Jim Belushi, George Wendt and Gordon Ramsey. Patricia Hasis established a rule, still in effect, that staff is prohibited from bothering celebrities, violation can result in immediate dismissal. Patricia Hasis said, "`We have a more interesting clientele because people really have to look for us." The repeal of prohibition in 1933 saw the end of rum-running. Legal pressures put an end to gambling at Caps Place in the 1950s. When Eugene Knight died, Albert and Patricia Hasis and Lola Knight continued to run the restaurant. Lola Knight remained active in running the restaurant until 1959. Eugene Knight had not paid taxes and when he died the IRS placed liens on the property. Patricia Hasis paid the debts over time. As a part of the agreement to pay the tax debt and take control of the restaurant Hasis provided housing and care for Lola Knight for the rest of her life.</p><br>
<h3>New ownership</h3><br>
<p>Since the 1970s the restaurant has been run by the Hasis three children, Talle, Ted and Tom. Neighbors complained the place was unsightly and characterized the attempt to have it listed as a tax dodge. The nomination was prepared by Research Atlantica for the Hasis siblings. An important impact of this designation is based on a law passed earlier that year Caps Place would be able to rebuild after a catastrophe. Prior to the passage of the law and subsequent designation the restaurant would have been prohibited from rebuilding as it is located in a residential zone. Hasis abstained in both votes and both measures passed 4–0.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1990s a road was built on the peninsula known as Caps Island and luxury homes were built to the north and south of the restaurant. Lot prices were close to $1.5 million. Caps Place was featured in a 2012 public television documentary, Prohibition and the South Florida Connection. In 2012 it was also used a filming location for the television show The Glades.</p><br>
<p>the Hasis siblings were joint owners. A 2017 newspaper article identifies Tom Hasis as "one of the owners of Caps Place". She has also said, when asked about retiring, "That words not in my vocabulary, if anything, Ill be sitting out there in Caps rocking chair, barking orders."</p><br>
<h3>Present day</h3><br>
<p>The approach through narrow winding residential streets in Lighthouse Point, followed by a boat ride to the restaurant coupled with the rustic setting and decor create a unique dining experience. The ceilings are low and the floors crooked but Talle Hasis tells those who complain, "Just duck your head down. My father built a strong place, low on the land." In 1963 Knight was arrested for possession of illegal turtle eggs, of an endangered species. In 2005 they were still buying their fish fresh daily from Captain Murphy a local fisherman as they had for decades. Prices are moderately expensive.</p><br>
<p>The Sample Estate  is a historic house located at 3161 North Dixie Highway in Pompano Beach, Florida. The house is a noteworthy example of the Colonial Revival style and is one of the most architecturally distinguished homes in the community.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Completed in 1916, the large, two-story, seventeen-room house was designed by Albert Neal Sample in the Colonial Revival style of architecture. The main or east facade of the house is dominated by a one-story porch which extends to the south of the main block of the house to create an open porte-cochere. On March 1, 1984, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>House moved</h2><br>
<p>In 2001 the significant building on the estate, the Sample-McDougald House was moved to 450 Northeast 10th Street. The house was listed on the National Register of historic Places in its current location in 2004. The property was then de-listed, the house was later renominated and added to the register as the Sample-McDougald House in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Ladies Delight Light is a small lighthouse on Lake Cobbosseecontee, in Winthrop, Maine, United States. It was constructed in 1908 and is believed to be the only active inland waters lighthouse in Maine. The tower is 25 ft tall, and is equipped with a solar powered dual-level LED marine beacon. It operates every night of the year. At the time of its construction, it was the only inland lake lighthouse east of the Mississippi River. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The lighthouse was designed by Frank Morse, a Boston marine architect. It was financed by Daniel Robinson, the first commodore of the Cobbosseecontee Yacht Club. Total cost was $500. The small island on which it was constructed, Ladies Delight, is formed by the central part of a large reef; the lighthouse was built to keep a passenger launch at the south end of the lake from running aground in the area. The Cobbosseecontee Yacht Club erected the tower with the help of two oxen. Due to the size of their barge, they could only transport one at a time. They took the first one to the island, and then returned to shore for the second. In the interval the first ox grew lonely, and began swimming back to the mainland as the workers returned with its partner. Finally, both oxen were successfully transported, and the lighthouse was built over the course of the summer.</p><br>
<p>Members of the Cobbosseecontee Yacht Club (aka Cobbosseecontee Lake Association as of 2022) have always maintained the lighthouse. Originally its light was provided by kerosene lanterns; a volunteer keeper went out each evening to trim the wicks, clean the globes, and light the beacon. A reflector in the light was rotated by a system of weights from a longcase clock. A wind-powered generator powered the light for a while in the 1930s. In later years, beginning in the 1970’s, power was provided by cable from a home on the shore in Manchester. In November 2017, a solar powered marine-grade LED beacon was installed. The top section of the lighthouse, originally constructed of metal, was replaced with wooden structures several times. During much of the time that wooden top structures existed there was an osprey nest on the top of the tower. In 2005 a new aluminum top was designed and constructed to replicate the original top.</p><br>
<p>Located in the North Bay of Lake Cobbosseecontee, the lighthouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. In 2001 it had a severe list corrected and in 2005 a new top constructed of marine grade aluminum was installed. The structure was formally dedicated on July 16, 2005 in a ceremony conducted by retiring CYC Commodore, Hugh Stephens.</p><br>
<p>On August 9, 2008 a 100th anniversary celebration was held at the lighthouse followed by an anniversary party at the nearby home of a former commodore.</p><br>
<p>The Central Instrumentation Facility  was a building in the Kennedy Space Center industrial area that functioned as the core of instrumentation and data processing operations during the Apollo program and the early years of the Space Shuttle program. It centralized the handling of the center&#39;s data including offices, laboratories and test stations; and housed general instrumentation activities serving more than one launch complex. The CIF also included the Central Timing Facility, where a precision clock drove countdown clocks and other timing devices at KSC that required a high degree of accuracy.</p><br>
<p>The CIF also housed computers and other electronic equipment for reduction of telemetry data, analysis, and transmission to other NASA centers. The three-story structure of approximately 134,335 ft&sup2; just west of the KSC Headquarters Building was one of the most distinctive buildings in the KSC Industrial Area with its rooftop array of various antennas.</p><br>
<p>The CIF was left dormant during the intermediate part of the space shuttle program (as other facilities such as the launch control center managed most of the instrumentation in the 2000s), and fell into disrepair. In September 2017, all the equipment inside was donated to the visitor complex and storage facilities, while the disused building was eventually demolished in October.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h2>CIF antenna site</h2><br>
<p>A smaller building, later known as the CIF antenna site, was placed 1.5 miles (2.5 km) north of the Industrial Area, to be free of radio-frequency interference and have clear line-of-sight to the NASA launch complexes.</p><br>
<p>The Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building   is a historic building on Merritt Island, Florida, United States. The five-story structure is in the Industrial Area of NASA&#39;s Kennedy Space Center. Its has twin-block facilities that include the crew quarter dormitories for astronauts, suit-up preparations prior to their flights, and the other is a large spacecraft workshop used for manufacturing and checking activities on crewed spacecraft. On January 21, 2000, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Apollo program</h2><br>
<p>During planning and construction, it was known as the Operations and Checkout Building. When it was finished in 1964, it was renamed the Manned Spacecraft Operations Building and was used to process spacecraft in the Gemini and Apollo era. It was reverted back to the Operations and Checkout Building during the Shuttle program, known informally as the O&C.</p><br>
<h3>Altitude test chambers</h3><br>
<p>In 1965, a pair of altitude chambers were installed in the High Bay for testing the environmental and life support systems of both the Apollo Command/Service Module and Lunar Module at simulated altitudes of up to 250,000 ft. Each chamber is 58 ft high (with a clear working height of 28 ft) and an interior diameter of 33 ft, were human-rated, and capable of reaching the maximum altitude (minimum pressure) in one hour. These were used by the prime and backup crews of all crewed missions, from the ill-fated Apollo 1 in October 1966, through to the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project in July 1975.</p><br>
<h2>Post-Apollo use</h2><br>
<p>During the 1980s and 90s the O&C building was used to house and test Spacelab science modules before their flights aboard the Space Shuttle.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1990s and 2000s, some modules and trusses for the International Space Station were checked out in the building.</p><br>
<h2>Artemis Program</h2><br>
<p>On January 30, 2007, NASA held a ceremony to mark the transition of the building&#39;s high bay for use by the Constellation program. The building would serve as the final assembly facility for the Orion crew exploration vehicle. In preparation for the transition, the state of Florida provided funds to clear the facility of about 50 ST of steel stands, structures and equipment. Renovations totaling $55 million took place from June 2007 through January 2009, at which point Lockheed Martin became the operator of the facility for Orion production. The Orion spacecraft for Artemis 1 completed its assembly in this location and was moved to the Multi-Payload Processing Facility on January 16, 2021. The Orion spacecraft for Artemis 2 is under final testing in the building as of July, 2024.</p><br>
<p>The building was renamed to the Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building in a ceremony on the 45th anniversary of Apollo 11 (2014).</p><br>
<p>The Archie Smith Wholesale Fish Company is a historic site in Sebastian, Florida, United States. It is located at 1740 Indian River Drive. On October 28, 1994, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The building was built in 1926 and purchased by Archie Smith in 1927, who established a fishing business there. The site included an expanded house, a shed for net storage, a crab house, a fish house, and extensive docks. The business office was built in 1927, and the ice house (originally Old Roseland Railroad Depot) was built in 1931.</p><br>
<p>The business remained in the family until the 2004 hurricanes (especially Frances & Jeanne) caused significant damages to the site. In 2006, the Indian River County Board of Commissioners paid $1.5 million to purchase the property, in hopes of restoring the building and preserving it.</p><br>
<p>In late 2021, the floor of the ice house caved-in, and it was taken down by the county in March 2022.</p><br>
<p>The Driftwood Inn and Restaurant  is a historic site in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 3150 Ocean Drive. On August 6, 1994, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The Driftwood Inn was opened in 1937, conceived and constructed by local Vero Beach eccentric and businessman Waldo E. Sexton. The hotel and resort were continually expanded throughout the years, and the property is now a partial interval ownership/timeshare along with being a traditional hotel.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Waldo E. Sexton (1885-1967) built the two buildings which comprise the Driftwood Inn and Restaurant in 1935. Waldo has been called “one of the most colorful persons that Florida has ever known,” an “imaginative entrepreneur,” and an “outrageous, old time eccentric.” He moved to Florida in 1914 and began his legacy that includes several buildings still standing in Vero Beach today and was an integral partner in the development of McKee Jungle Garden, also in Vero Beach. Driftwood Inn and Restaurant was originally a private beach house called the “Breezeway” by its owners, Waldo & Elsebeth Sexton, because of the opening in the central portion of the first floor. Construction of the house began in about 1935 and was completed in 1937. Two rooms originally flanked the first floor. A kitchen was located on the second floor, over the breezeway. A balcony extended across the second floor. Brick chimneys also flanked the breezeway. According to family members, a coiled pipe, “solar unit” was contained between the chimneys to provide heated water, and in fact original pictures in the reception area of the Inn today show those solar panels.</p><br>
<p>The original beach house was expanded in late 1937 by the addition of a wing on the north and the south wing was added in 1939. The original portion of the building is now the central section.</p><br>
<p>Though originally built as a family home, within a short time it was being operated by Mrs. Waldo Sexton as a small resort hotel and because there was no restaurant in the vicinity of the Driftwood Inn, Mrs. Sexton began to cook breakfast for the guests in the family kitchen. This success led eventually to the founding of the adjacent restaurant. Waldo&#39;s Restaurant was constructed in 1947. The main entrance to the restaurant is recessed and located adjacent to the breezeway building. The doors have multiple panels, insets and decorative ceramic tiles. Ornate metal grills also decorate the entrance area. The balcony is railed with turned spindles, part of the original design. Three immense ‘outrigger” type wood timbers decorate the south end of the building. The restaurant interior still retains some original features, such as wood paneled walls and ceramic tile insets in the floor.</p><br>
<p>Today, both the Breezeway and Waldos Restaurant, maintain their basic integrity, their unusual workmanship and materials and their original design features. They are a unique example of vernacular architecture in which Waldo was able to express his exuberant personality. Waldo was a world traveler and a passionate collector. He incorporated into the buildings and grounds of the inn and restaurant hundreds of artifacts that he obtained from various trips. The visual display of these items was the exuberant Waldos way of sharing his collection of the beautiful and unusual. Part of the timber used to build the Driftwood was salvaged by Waldo from a barn blown down in a hurricane. Waldo was especially fond of bells and amassed a collection of 250 of various types and sizes, collecting them from churches, trains, ships and schools, just to mention a few. They dominate the exterior of the buildings and have always been a special part of the Driftwood Inn tradition. They were used to welcome guests on their arrival and to ring out a farewell on their departure.</p><br>
<p>Waldo continued to expand the Driftwood complex after erecting the inn and restaurant. A small office was built in 1949. In that year, he also moved in a row of fishing shacks that were used for guest rooms and later, for small shops. They were converted back into guests rooms in 1986. In 1963, a 15 unit apartment building was added, just west of the original Breezeway building. Waldo&#39;s son, Ralph, erected the four-story building to the south in 1965, providing more apartment units. Two more apartment buildings are now part of the Driftwood Resort, and all apartments and guests rooms on the property were converted to interval ownership in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>The building is distinguished by board and batten exterior walls, wood shingled gable ends with decorative truss work and rustic balcony railings. The courtyard is marked by two stone walls, into which are embedded two rusty, ancient cannons. Ceramic tiles decorate the courtyard floor. A breezeway is at the east end of the courtyard and is flanked by stairs leading to the second floor. The hallway at the north end features a small mural of a Spanish explorer landing in the new world. The breezeway walls feature graffiti from visitors, applied ornaments and portions of a wood mantel.</p><br>
<p>The Driftwood Inn and Waldos Restaurant feature a rustic “beachcomber” ambiance. While structures of similar style may be found elsewhere in Florida, few are comparable in scale or complexity of detail The two original buildings are unique in the Vero Beach area and continue to serve their historic function of providing accommodations and amenities for tourists. Both were added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The inn and restaurant continue to operate today, renting rooms to the public on a daily or weekly basis and serving lunch and dinner poolside and Oceanside from Waldos Restaurant.</p><br>
<h2>Hurricane damage</h2><br>
<p>Two hurricanes in 2004 did substantial damage to the property but it reopened in 2005 and retained all the history and ambiance it has always had. With the help of local architect, John Dean and longtime property manager, Jeanne Radlet, the buildings were restored and stand today as a testament to Waldo Sexton, the entrepreneur and eclectic individual that built these structures nearly a century ago.</p><br>
<p>The Maher Building is a historic building in Vero Beach, Florida. Originally located at 1423 Osceola Boulevard, now 20th Street, the Maher Building housed the Maher department store owned by William J. and Catherine Maher. The store retained a reasonable reputation throughout the city for offering apparel at "pleasing prices". Although there were no deaths when the original store building burned down in November 1919, the tragedy resulted in its complete loss. After Maher recovered from the damages, he reordered stock from St. Louis and commissioned a new brick and concrete structure on the building&#39;s original site. On October 28, 1994, this structure was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, it was listed in A Guide to Florida&#39;s Historic Architecture erroneously as Illinois Hotel, published by the University of Florida Press. The Illinois Hotel was just to the east of the Maher Building and operated by Elsie Toole but it was later demolished in 1967.</p><br>
<p>The Pueblo Arcade is a historic building in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 2044 14th Avenue, the Pueblo Arcade was built in the Mission/Spanish Revival style in 1926 by local contractors Blackford and Davis. This structure was very popular among the citizens of Vero Beach due to its ingenious design, prior to the introduction of Air Conditioning. It consisted of arcades with shop doorways opening onto a single hallway which opened to the street. The structure was restored by developer Robert L. Brackett and was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on March 8, 1997. Prior to renovation, the location served as the flagship store for DuBose Jewelers, a regional jewelry store chain which opened in Vero in 1912.</p><br>
<p>The Old Vero Beach Community Building  is a historic building in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 2146 14th Avenue, the Vero Beach Community Building was built in 1935 during the New Deal Era, a project that provided residents and visitors alike with social and entertainment activities during the Great Depression. The building served as a social gathering place, playhouse, and meeting hall as well as the Headquarters for the Tourist Club. The Community Building once hosted a zoo that consisted of a bear named "Alice", an alligator, monkeys and other animals. The site of the zoo is now occupied by Pocahantas Park. In 1943 a north wing was added to the building in order for it to become a servingmen&#39;s club. Organized by director Dale Wimbrow, the addition consisted of lounge, a restroom, and showers. After World War II, the 1943 addition became the Indian River Citrus Museum. On January 19, 1993, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Vero Beach Diesel Power Plant  is a historic power plant in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 1133 19th Place, the Vero Beach Diesel Power Plant was built in 1926 replacing an earlier power plant due to the areas extensive growth. It was built in the masonry vernacular style by architects Carter and Damerow and by the engineering firm of Kennard and Sons. The structure was the citys first public utilitarian facility. It is also the citys oldest municipal building. On February 26, 1999, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. In June 2016, the Diesel Plant was sold to real estate developer Michael R. Rechter. Following a $6 million renovation, the building and property were adapted and reutilized as American Icon Brewery - a brewpub/production brewery which opened in September 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Vero Beach Womans Club is a historic womans club in Vero Beach, Florida. It is located at 1534 21st Street. On February 10, 1995, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Irene Young, wife of Vero Beachs first mayor Anthony W. Young founded the Vero Beach Womans Unity Club. The club originally met at the Sleepy Eye Lodge until land was donated by Indian River Farms Company to erect the current building. Completed in 1916 the clubhouse was built adjacent to the Youngs house. The club was responsible for many beautification and civic projects. One of their most revered achievements could be the foundation of the Vero Beach Library. After organizing Veros first public library in the Sleepy Eye Lodge during the summer of 1915, they decided to transform portions of their own clubhouse into Veros second. On February 16, 1915, Vero Beachs second library was founded with the helpful donations of Mrs. Hard who donated 300 books, and Waldo E. Sexton who donated cypress and black walnut tables and desks. The club adopted the slogan "A beautiful Vero Beach and surrounding country, the best place on earth to live." The clubhouse is still used for meetings and events.</p><br>
<p>The First United Methodist Church of Umatilla  is an historic Methodist church in Umatilla, Florida, in the United States. It is located at 100 West Guerrant Street. On January 27, 2000, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story brick with an irregular plan and a complex cross-gable roof, which was built in 1922. It has "two entry towers, pointed windows with stained glass, and a pedimented main facade with two classical columns", and it incorporated the frame shell of an 1886 predecessor building.</p><br>
<p>Ebenezer, also known as New Ebenezer, is a ghost town in Effingham County, Georgia, United States, near Ebenezer Creek, on the banks of the Savannah River. It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places as Ebenezer Townsite and Jerusalem Lutheran Church in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The town was established in 1734 by about 150 Salzburger emigrants, Protestant refugees who had been expelled from the Catholic Archbishopric of Salzburg (in present-day Austria) by a 1731 edict of Prince-archbishop Count Leopold Anton von Firmian. With the consent of governor James Oglethorpe, New Ebenezer was moved closer to the Savannah River in 1736, and at its new location many silk mills were opened. The Salzburger&#39;s pastor, the Reverend Johann Martin Boltzius, sought to build "a religious utopia on the Georgia frontier."</p><br>
<p>That idea was very successful for a time, and the economy thrived. Jerusalem Lutheran Church was completed in 1769. It is the oldest church building in Georgia, the fourth-oldest building in Georgia, and the oldest continuously operational Lutheran congregation in the USA</p><br>
<p>But, after the British invasion of 1778 during the American Revolutionary War, the town was severely damaged. It never fully recovered, although it briefly served as the capital of Georgia in 1782. It was made the county seat of Effingham County in 1797, but two years later the seat was transferred to Springfield, taking much county business with it. By the time Ebenezer was abandoned in 1855, the town covered only 1/4 square mile. The Jerusalem Evangelical Lutheran Church is one of the few buildings that has survived in Ebenezer, and is believed to have the oldest continuing congregation in the state.</p><br>
<p>Union General Jefferson C. Davis, also known as "General Reb", betrayed hundreds of former enslaved people during Sherman&#39;s March to the Sea, leaving them to drown in Ebenezer Creek.</p><br>
<p>The Ebenezer Townsite and Jerusalem Lutheran Church were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 4, 1974. The New Ebenezer Camp, established 1977, is located in former Ebenezer. In 1987, the LAMAR Institute began an archaeological study of Ebenezer. Several reports from its researchers are available online at the institute&#39;s website.</p><br>
<p>One of the more notable people from Ebenezer was John A. Treutlen, the first state governor of Georgia.</p><br>
<p>The Clifford House  is a historic home in Eustis, Florida, United States. It is located at 536 North Bay Street. On April 4, 1975, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was owned by G.D. Clifford, an early settler and local merchandiser.</p><br>
<p>Construction began in 1910 and completed in 1911, the 4,500 ft&sup2;. Clifford house has 18 rooms and is home to the Eustis Historical Museum & Preservation Society, which was founded in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Eustis Historical Museum</h2><br>
<p>Each room of the Clifford House has a different theme, and features period antiques and displays of local history. One room is called the “Indiana Jones Room”, and is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Edgar J. Banks, a professor and archaeologist who spent time in Eustis, and who is held up as the inspiration for the character of Indiana Jones.</p><br>
<p>The Citrus Museum is located next to Clifford House, and features exhibits related to the area&#39;s former importance in the citrus industry, including labels, posters, utensils, tools, equipment and other memorabilia.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeside Inn is a historic site in Mount Dora, Florida. It is located at 100 North Alexander Street. On March 19, 1987, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was for sale in 2010, and purchased by new owners, who planned to renovate it, later that year. Built in 1883, Lakeside Inn is the oldest continuously operating hotel in the State of Florida. The last of the Grand Victorian Era Hotels still remaining in Central Florida it is said to be the most historic hotel there. Throughout its 130-year history, Lakeside Inn has hosted many noted dignitaries and celebrities, including President Calvin Coolidge and First Lady Grace Coolidge, for a month-long stay in the winter of 1930. Lakeside Inn has also been distinguished as the number one venue in the Central Florida Lakes Region for wedding ceremonies and receptions</p><br>
<p>The Campbell House, also known as the Valentine House), is a historic house at 3147 County Road 470 in Okahumpka, Florida. It is locally significant as an excellent example of a frame vernacular house, and one of the few houses built in the 19th century Okahumpka. The home contains a historical marker to Virgil D. Hawkins, a civil rights activist born and raised in the area.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It is a two-story frame vernacular house with an L-shaped footprint and a one-story addition on the side. The main block is in an I-house form, one room deep with a central staircase. The two-story gable extension on the rear contains the kitchen and work area. A majority of the windows are 6/6 double-hung vinyl sashes which were designed replicate the historic wooden windows.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1999.</p><br>
<p>Oxmoor Farm is an estate in Louisville, Kentucky located 8 mi east of downtown. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. It has also been termed Oxmoor or the Bullitt Estate.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Oxmoor was surveyed in 1774 and was the home of Sturgis Station fort by 1780, when it was granted to Col. William Christian. Alexander Scott Bullitt married Christian&#39;s daughter in 1786 and Christian gave the 2,000 acre farm to them as a wedding present. Christian was killed by Native Americans later that year.</p><br>
<p>Alexander Bullitt purchased an adjoining 1,000 acre in 1787 to expand the farm and named it Oxmoor after the fictional farm in Tristram Shandy, with a new house being completed in 1791, a year before Kentucky separated from Virginia to become a separate state. Alexander Bullitt became Kentucky&#39;s first Lieutenant Governor in 1800 and Bullitt County, Kentucky is named in his honor. Alexander Bullitt died in 1816 and willed the farm to his youngest son William. William Bullitt expanded the farmhouse in the late 1820s, but closed the house in 1863 and rented out the farmlands after slaves were freed in the United States under the Emancipation Proclamation. William Bullitt died in 1877 and his wife died in 1879. Then the farm was divided between their children.</p><br>
<p>From 1906 to 1909 a great-grandson of Alexander Bullitt, William Marshall Bullitt, purchased the lands from the different family owners and reopened the main house. When William Marshall Bullitt died in 1957, the farm was passed to his son Thomas Walker Bullitt under a trustee arrangement that prohibited him from selling it. In the 1960s, the farm was split under the process of eminent domain to build Interstate 64. Due to the trustee arrangement of the land, the Bullitt family formed Beargrass Corporation to manage the leasing of the land for Oxmoor Center, Oxmoor Country Club, and other commercial uses.</p><br>
<p>Stratford Springs, located near Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia, US, is a nationally recognized historic district called the Wheeling Country Club. The country club operated from this location until 1980 when it moved to its present facilities. The district includes four contributing buildings; the former Club House , Franzheim Bungalow, the former Pro and Caddy House, and the former Servant&#39;s Residence. The former clubhouse was designed by noted Wheeling architect Frederick F. Faris . Hole 13 green and hole 14 teeing ground now abut the former clubhouse. The historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Massachusetts Historical Society  is a major historical archive specializing in early American, Massachusetts, and New England history. The Massachusetts Historical Society was established in 1791 and is located at 1154 Boylston Street in Boston, Massachusetts, and is the oldest historical society in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The society&#39;s building was constructed in 1899 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. In 2016, the Boston Landmarks Commission designated it a Boston Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The society was founded on January 24, 1791, by Reverend Jeremy Belknap to collect, preserve, and document items of American history. He and the nine other founding members donated family papers, books, and artifacts to the society to form its initial collection. Its first manuscript was published in 1792, becoming the first historical society publication in the United States. The society incorporated in 1794; signatories included William Baylies, Jeremy Belknap, Alden Bradford, Peleg Coffin, Manasseh Cutler, John Davis, Daniel Davis, Aaron Dexter, John Eliot, Nathaniel Freeman, James Freeman, Thaddeus Mason Harris, Isaac Lothrop, George Richards Minot, John Mellen Jr., Thomas Pemberton, William Dandridge Peck, John Prince, Ezekiel Price, James Sullivan, David Sewall, Peter Thacher, William Tudor, Samuel Turell, Dudley Atkins Tyng, James Winthrop, Thomas Wallcut, Redford Webster, and William Wetmore. Indeed, the society claims to have been the only historical collection in the United States until establishment of the New-York Historical Society (1804) and the American Antiquarian Society (1812), after which time the societys collecting activities began to focus primarily on Boston and New England. In 1849, Frances Manwaring Caulkins became the first woman elected to the societys membership.</p><br>
<p>"The society, for several years after its organization, met in the attic of Faneuil Hall; afterwards rooms were occupied in Hamilton Place, and then in Franklin Street. In 1833... quarters on Tremont Street were occupied" in the building of the Provident bank through the 1890s. The societys current building in the Back Bay was built in 1899; it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965 in recognition of the societys distinctive contribution to historic preservation.</p><br>
<h2>Collections</h2><br>
<p>Today the society continues to collect, preserve, and communicate historical information about Massachusetts and the United States. It is now organized in five departments: Library, Publications, Education and Public Programs, Research Programs, the Adams Family Papers, and Administration. Major collections include:</p><br>
<p>Adams Family Papers (1639–1889) - material relating to President John Adams (1735–1826) and First Lady Abigail Adams (1744–1818), as well as other family members including Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), President John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), First Lady Louisa Catherine Adams (1775–1852), Charles Francis Adams (1835–1915), and Henry Adams (1838–1918). Among other papers, the collection includes correspondence, diaries, literary manuscripts, speeches, legal and business papers, and John Adams&#39; handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence.</p><br>
<p>Thomas Jefferson - the library holds Jeffersons handwritten copy of the Declaration of Independence and the Coolidge Collection, a collection of "Thomas Jefferson Manuscripts" containing thousands of pages of Jeffersons correspondence, manuscripts of writings, Monticello records including account books and journals, and more than 400 of Jefferson&#39;s architectural drawings.</p><br>
<p>Other manuscripts and printed texts - approximately 12,000 biographies and more than 10,000 local histories, as well as newspapers and broadsides including John Dunlaps July 4–5, 1776, Philadelphia printing of the Declaration of Independence. Other notable manuscripts include John Winthrops manuscripts on the early settlement of New England; Paul Revere&#39;s account of his ride; and the Francis Parkman manuscripts dealing with French Canada.</p><br>
<p>Artwork - paintings by John Singleton Copley (1738–1815), Sarah Goodridge (1788–1853), Chester Harding (1792–1866), Alonzo Hartwell (1805–1873), Samuel Stillman Osgood (1808–1885), John Smibert (1688–1751), and Richard Morrell Staigg (1817–1881), as well as sculptures by Thomas Ball, Richard Saltonstall Greenough, Henry Dexter, and Hiram Powers.</p><br>
<p>The society continues to produce scholarly books, but now augments these publications with digital editions available through its website and other online resources. The Massachusetts Historical Review has been published annually since 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Notable fellows</h2><br>
<p>The fellows of the Massachusetts Historical Society are elected and serve as the society&#39;s legal governing body. Notable fellows include:</p><br>
<p>Ben Bagdikian</p><br>
<p>Bernard Bailyn</p><br>
<p>Lawrence Buell</p><br>
<p>Ken Burns</p><br>
<p>Robert Caro</p><br>
<p>James Carroll</p><br>
<p>Jill Ker Conway</p><br>
<p>Michael Dukakis</p><br>
<p>Joseph Ellis</p><br>
<p>Drew Gilpin Faust</p><br>
<p>David Hackett Fischer</p><br>
<p>Henry Louis Gates Jr.</p><br>
<p>Doris Kearns Goodwin</p><br>
<p>David D. Hall</p><br>
<p>Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham</p><br>
<p>Maya Jasanoff</p><br>
<p>Justin Kaplan</p><br>
<p>Jill Lepore</p><br>
<p>David McCullough</p><br>
<p>James M. McPherson</p><br>
<p>Bill Moyers</p><br>
<p>Deval Patrick</p><br>
<p>Jaroslav Pelikan</p><br>
<p>Nathaniel Philbrick</p><br>
<p>Cokie Roberts</p><br>
<p>Larry Ruttman</p><br>
<p>Jonathan Sarna</p><br>
<p>Merritt Roe Smith</p><br>
<p>Richard Norton Smith</p><br>
<p>David Souter</p><br>
<p>Laurel Thatcher Ulrich</p><br>
<p>Garry Wills</p><br>
<p>Gordon S. Wood</p><br>
<p>The Eleazer Arnold House is a historic house built for Eleazer Arnold in about 1693, and located in the Great Road Historic District at Lincoln, Rhode Island. It is now a National Historic Landmark owned by Historic New England, and open to the public on weekends.</p><br>
<p>The house is a relatively large "stone-ender," a building type brought from the western part of England and used most commonly in northern Rhode Island. This geographic-specific aspect may have been due to the attribution of the work to John Smith "the Mason" of Smithfield, Rhode Island and his family. It was built two stories in height, with four rooms on each floor, a lean-to, exposed fieldstone end-walls, wooden side-walls, and a pilastered chimney. By the 20th century, a gable had been added to the structure.</p><br>
<p>In 1919 the house was donated to Historic New England (then the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities) by Preserved Whipple Arnold. It has since undergone two phases of restoration. In 1920 the first stabilization efforts were led by Norman Isham; and in 1950 the house and chimney received a thorough structural rehabilitation. In this second restoration, later alterations were removed to return the building to its 17th-century appearance.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1968, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974 for its architectural significance. In 2005 a dendrochronology survey of the tree rings confirmed the 1693 construction date.</p><br>
<p>Today the building closely resembles its form during the early settlement in Rhode Island, though some details, including the leaded glass windows and the front door and its surround, are 20th-century replacements.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>Historic American Buildings Survey, George J. Vaillancourt, Photographer, 1941 VIEW FROM THE SOUTHEAST. - Eleazer Arnold House, Great Road, Saylesville, Kent County, RI HABS RI-87-2.tifView from the Southeast in 1941</p><br>
<p>Historic American Buildings Survey, George J. Vaillancourt, Photographer, 1941 VIEW FROM THE SOUTHWEST - Eleazer Arnold House, Great Road, Saylesville, Kent County, RI HABS RI-87-1.tifView from the Southwest in 1941</p><br>
<p>Historic American Buildings Survey, George J. Vaillancourt, Photographer, 1941 VIEW FROM THE NORTH. - Eleazer Arnold House, Great Road, Saylesville, Kent County, RI HABS RI-87-4.tifView from the North in 1941</p><br>
<p>Eleazer Arnold House Lincoln RI.jpgArnold House in 2008</p><br>
<p>The Tourist Church, also known as the Seabreeze United Church of Christ and the First Congregational Church, is an historic church located at 501 North Wild Olive Avenue in Daytona Beach, Florida, United States. Built in 1929, it was designed by architect Harry Griffin in the Mission Revival Style of architecture.</p><br>
<p>Today it is an active United Church of Christ congregation. The church is currently looking for a new pastor.</p><br>
<p>On October 6, 1995, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Ocoee Christian Church is a historic Carpenter Gothic church in Ocoee, Florida. It is located at 15 South Bluford Avenue. On March 28, 1997, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The church is affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and is believed to be the oldest church of that denomination in continuous use in Florida.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1883, the Ocoee Christian Church began in the home of General and Mrs. William Temple Withers. The couple made plans in 1889 to construct a church building on land donated by Captain and Mrs. Bluford Sims. Though General Withers died that same year before construction could commence, his widow and children continued with the construction of the church. By 1891 the congregation began to hold worship services in the newly constructed church.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Gothic sanctuary, designed by an architect in Boston, was designed with a similar, reduced scale floor plans as European Gothic cathedrals. The stained-glass chancel windows, dedicated to the memory of William T. Withers, were designed and assembled in Belgium. The windows traveled from Belgium to Jacksonville via New York. The windows traveled from Jacksonville to Sanford via the St. Johns River and finally by oxcart to Ocoee. The church&#39;s bell was cast in 1891 by the Shane Bell Foundry in Baltimore, Maryland.</p><br>
<p>The Coral Gables Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church in Coral Gables, Florida, United States. The church was designed by the architect Richard Kiehnel of Kiehnel and Elliott in 1923 and is regarded as a fine example of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture. It is located at 3010 DeSoto Boulevard. On October 10, 1978, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It has been known to encourage artistic and musical pursuits for youths. In particular the Coral Gables Congregational Church Composition Prize which, in 2006, was won by Australian composer Gordon Hamilton.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land for the church was donated by George E. Merrick, the developer who planned and built Coral Gables. Merrick dedicated it to his father, a Congregational minister.</p><br>
<p>St. John&#39;s Baptist Church  is a historic church in Miami, Florida. It is located at 1328 Northwest 3rd Avenue. On April 17, 1992, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>On June 17, 1906 at the corner of NW 2nd Avenue and 11th Terrace, a small group was called together for worship.</p><br>
<p>They initially called this congregation Second Baptist Church. The first pastor of this group was Rev. Bynom.</p><br>
<p>After a short time, a second pastor, Rev. N.B. Williams, was called to lead this new and growing congregation.</p><br>
<p>During Rev. Williams tenure, the membership moved to Jacksons Hall on 10th street between 2nd and 3rd Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The members considered plans for a permanent location. After purchasing a lot at 12th Street and 3rd Avenue, construction began on a 50X48 foot frame building.</p><br>
<p>The congregation moved into this building on the third Sunday in February 1908. Rev. Williams served until the latter part of 1910.</p><br>
<p>In 1912, Rev. Jarius Wilkerson Drake cast his membership with the church. He assumed leadership of the church on the first Sunday in February.</p><br>
<p>Rev. Drake maintained a loving and Christian attitude towards all members. The membership grew and increased tremendously.</p><br>
<p>The initial church building was damaged and wrecked during storms in 1926 and 1928, but was remodeled.</p><br>
<p>This building became too small under Rev. Drake&#39;s leadership, and the congregation purchased a larger site to accommodate the membership.</p><br>
<p>The newly built church, completed in 1940, is located on the current site, which sits on 13th Street and 3rd Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The church then became known as St. John Missionary Baptist Church. Rev. Drake served as pastor until his death in February 1951.</p><br>
<p>Succeeding Rev. Drake was Rev. Thedford Johnson, who was serving as Assistant Pastor.</p><br>
<p>Under his pastorate, a two-story building at 1148 NW 3rd Avenue was built as a parsonage</p><br>
<p>the Fellowship Hall was built, the Children&#39;s Center (formerly known as the Tot Center) was established,</p><br>
<p>an apartment unit was purchased, the sanctuary was air-conditioned, the pews were cushioned</p><br>
<p>and a two-mirror loft in the main sanctuary was built. St. John also experienced national recognition with their Baptist Training Union (BTU).</p><br>
<p>For three decades, St. John was noted as not only the largest and best in the Florida East Coast and the State, but was acclaimed as the "National Model" by then National President Dr. J. H. Jackson. Because of Rev. Johnson&#39;s interest in civic and political affairs, and his motivation of the congregation toward civic pride, the church continued to thrive. St. John hosted the National Baptist Convention four times: 1969, 1973, 1977 and 1982. Rev. Johnson also maintained a radio program from 1977 through 1980. The church revised its name to reflect the current standing, St. John Institutional Missionary Baptist Church. Rev. Johnson resigned in February 1985.</p><br>
<p>Rev. Henry Nevin became Interim Pastor in March 1985 and Senior Pastor in 1986. Rev. Nevin introduced the idea of having a Community Development Corporation to assist in rehabilitating subsidized housing for the poor and building median income housing for the community. Rev. Nevin retired from his pastoral services on Sunday, June 1, 2008.</p><br>
<p>In April 2010, Bishop James Dean Adams became Senior Pastor of St. John and served until December 2021.</p><br>
<p>For close to 120 years, St. John has steadfastly served the Miami community, providing a sanctuary of faith, hope, and unity. Its rich history and contributions have greatly enriched the lives of countless individuals and families, fostering a spirit of community and compassion.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by architects McKissack & McKissack in Moderne style. It has also been known as New St. John Institutional Baptist Church.</p><br>
<p>The Pisgah United Methodist Church  is a historic church north of Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida, United States. It is located southeast of State Road 151 at the end of Pisgah Church Road. On May 3, 1974, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>A Greek Revival style building, the Pisgah United Methodist Church is the oldest remaining Methodist church building in Leon County. The current 1858 structure is the third church to be located on that site. It had a broad front porch preceded the three front doors. The east and west sides of the church have 4 elongated windows.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1824, Tallahassee was the territorial capitol and the Methodists of the area was serviced by traveling Methodist circuit riders. The church or "Society" with 34 members at Pisgah was established on May 3, 1830, by John Slade. Slade is considered as the father of Methodism in Florida.</p><br>
<p>In 1863, Reverend Richardson was elected Captain of the Centerville Old Guard and served with other Leon County men during the Civil War. Several soldiers are buried at the Pisgah cemetery including members of the Gramling family.</p><br>
<p>A non-segregated church, white women were required to sit on one side of the church, and white men on the other. Slaves were seated in the galleries. The cemetery at Pisgah holds victims of the 1841 yellow fever epidemic.</p><br>
<p>Saint George Episcopal Church is an historic Carpenter Gothic style Episcopal church located at 10560 East Fort George Road on Fort George Island in Jacksonville, Florida, in the United States. Built in 1882–1883, it was designed by architect Robert S. Schuyler of nearby Fernandina.</p><br>
<p>On August 9, 2002, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places as St. George Episcopal Church. It was a mission of the Diocese of Florida until 1990 when it became active parish.</p><br>
<p>Riverside Church at Park and King, formerly known as Riverside Baptist Church, is a predominantly Baptist ecumenical congregation located in Jacksonville, Florida, at 2650 Park Street in the Riverside neighborhood. It is affiliated with the Association of Welcoming and Affirming Baptists, Alliance of Baptists and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Designed by architect Addison Mizner and completed in 1926, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on September 22, 1972. On April 18, 2012, the American Institute of Architects&#39;s Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places.</p><br>
<h2>Theology</h2><br>
<p>Riverside Church at Park and King is a progressive ecumenical Church in the Baptist tradition, serving a small but diverse congregation. According to the church website, the congregation is "an inclusive, open and affirming community of believers without regard for race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, age, gender, or disability, all with a diversity of gifts and experiences united under the Lordship of Jesus Christ." It is associated with the Association of Welcoming and Affirming Baptists. As a progressive Baptist church, Riverside welcomes women and LGBTQIA+ people to serve as pastors and deacons, appointing its first openly transgender deacon in November of 2022. The church is fully welcoming to LGBTQIA+ members. Riverside Baptist Church is a partner church with the Alliance of Baptists and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship.</p><br>
<h2>Conflict with the Florida Baptist Convention</h2><br>
<p>In 2009, Dr. John Sullivan, executive director of the Florida Baptist Convention, requested a meeting with Riversides pastor at that time, Rev. David Holladay. The purpose of this meeting was to discuss Riversides acceptance of LGBTQ people. Riverside accepts homosexuality as a legitimate God-given identity, while the Florida Baptist Convention defines it as sinful. The meeting ended with the two parties agreeing to disagree. Riverside Baptist Church no longer identifies itself as a Southern Baptist-affiliated church.</p><br>
<h2>The Building</h2><br>
<p>The sanctuary combines Romanesque, Byzantine, and Spanish elements, and is a splendid example of what is colloquially called the "Florida Spanish" style. It is one and a half stories, limestone with gabled and hipped tile roof sections, a double-door entrance beneath compound round arch, and sculptured tympanum. The design is believed to be Mizner&#39;s only religious structure. The radical nature of the design caused the loss of some members after its completion.</p><br>
<p>The Dyal–Upchurch Building  is a six-story, 43,747-square-foot historic building in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located at 4 East Bay Street, and was designed by architect Henry John Klutho. On April 17, 1980, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Following Jacksonville&#39;s Great Fire of 1901, the building was the first multi-story structure built in the barren downtown area and the first design by Klutho in Jacksonville. Construction began on a five-story building, but demand for office space spurred the addition of a sixth floor. As the name states, Dyal–Upchurch was a Georgia investment company that moved to Jacksonville after the fire. Frank Upchurch had interests in turpentine and lumber, while Benjamin Dyal owned a sawmill. The company ceased business in Jacksonville after 1924.</p><br>
<p>The Atlantic National Bank was founded shortly after the Dyal–Upchurch building opened in May, 1902 and was located on the first floor until their own building was constructed in 1909. Other tenants have included an office of the National Weather Service, a regional office for the Connecticut General Life Insurance Company, law offices and a financial advice company.</p><br>
<p>Noted Florida author and folklorist Stetson Kennedy had his office here in the 1930s when he worked for the Federal Writers Project. He explained that the white staff members worked in the Dyal-Upchurch Building while the "Negro Unit" was based in the Clara White Mission in the LaVilla section of town.</p><br>
<p>When the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, it became eligible to use rehabilitation tax credits when restoration work was performed in 1981, the first building in Jacksonville to do so.</p><br>
<p>The Husk Jennings advertising company bought the building in 1998 for $1.6 million and spent $600,000 to renovate the top floor, where the firm relocated.</p><br>
<p>In May, 2002, the city established the Downtown Historic Preservation and Revitalization Trust Fund with $7 million to assist companies that purchase and restore old buildings. The fund could pay up to half the cost of exterior work and one-fifth of interior work with a $1 million cap per building. That was sufficient incentive for Husk Jennings to begin a $1.72 million restoration of the rest of the building, for which the city kicked in almost $340,000.</p><br>
<p>Cameron Kuhn, a commercial developer from Orlando, Florida, purchased the building in December, 2005 for $4.5 million, but defaulted on the mortgage when his company declared bankruptcy in 2008. The Dyal–Upchurch building was repossessed by The Jacksonville Bank in January, and sold on February 28, 2009 for $3.73 million to A. Duda & Sons of Oviedo, Florida.</p><br>
<p>The Fuchs Bakery is a historic bakery in Homestead, Florida, United States. It is located at 102 South Krome Avenue. On November 15, 1996, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>This property is part of the Homestead Multiple Property Submission, a Multiple Property Submission to the National Register.</p><br>
<p>In late 2017 early 2018 the building was torn down to make way for a new cinema entertainment complex.</p><br>
<p>The Red Bank Plantation House is a historic former plantation house in Jacksonville, Florida. Built in 1854 as the main house for the Red Bank plantation, it is now a private residence within the Colonial Manor area of Jacksonville&#39;s San Marco neighborhood. It is located at 1230 Greenridge Road, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 18, 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Red Bank Plantation</h2><br>
<p>Red Bank Plantation dates to the 18th century. The name was in use by 1793, during Floridas second Spanish period, when Francisco Flora owned the property. In 1799 William Craig acquired the land, and it subsequently passed through the hands of several powerful landholders: Isaiah Hart, Isaac Hendricks, and finally Albert Gallatin Philips. Philips developed the 450-acre slave plantation on the site. Philips married Isaac Hendricks daughter Margaret; this, combined with Hendricks&#39; marriage to Elizabeth Hudnall, another large landowner, meant that by 1850 most land in the area was connected by marriage. Philips built Red Bank Plantation House beginning in 1854.</p><br>
<p>After the American Civil War ended the plantation era, the Philips family remained on the property, though they sold most of the outlying land for residential development after Philips&#39; death in 1873. The area became absorbed into the growing community of South Jacksonville, now known as San Marco. A small settlement known as Philips grew up around the train station east of the house. During the 1920s the remainder of the land was platted for the South Riverside and Colonial Manor developments.</p><br>
<h2>House</h2><br>
<p>Albert Philip&#39;s first plantation house at Red Bank was a wood-frame structure that burned down after a few years. This caused him to build the current, brick house from 1854 to 1857. The two-story house was made from red clay bricks hand-made on the property, and was at the time reportedly the only brick structure between Jacksonville and Palatka.</p><br>
<p>After Philips died in 1873 his son Matthew Philips continued living in the house. The house remained in use as the former plantation land was sold off for residential development. In the 1920s, as the Colonial Manor development grew around the house, the houses front door faced the wrong direction from Greenridge Road. It was moved to the other side of a house and a small porch was added. The building was converted into a restaurant, first known as the Candlewick Inn and then Johnsons Chicken House, but returned to residential use in 1937. It is now the second oldest residence in Jacksonville still in use as such. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 18, 1972.</p><br>
<p>Kingsley Plantation  is the site of a former estate on Fort George Island, in Duval County, Florida, that was named for its developer and most famous owner, Zephaniah Kingsley, who spent 25 years there. It is located at the northern tip of Fort George Island at Fort George Inlet, and is part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve managed by the USA National Park Service. Kingsley&#39;s house is the oldest plantation house still standing in Florida, and the solidly-built village of slave cabins is one of the best preserved in the United States. It is also "the oldest surviving antebellum Spanish Colonial plantation in the United States."</p><br>
<p>The plantation originally occupied the entirety of Fort George Island, described variously as occupying 713, 720, or "750 acres more or less". According to park literature, most of it has been taken back over by forest; the structures and grounds of the park now comprise approximately 60 acre. Evidence of pre-Columbian Timucua life is on the island, as are the remains of a Spanish mission named San Juan del Puerto. Under British rule in 1765, a plantation was established that cycled through several owners while Florida was transferred back to Spain and then the United States. The longest span of ownership was under Kingsley and his family, a polygamous and multiracial household controlled by and resistant to the issues of race and slavery.</p><br>
<p>The principal business at the Kingsley Plantation was slaves: buying, selling, and training them. Kingsley&#39;s slaves commanded a premium in the market. Raising salable cotton was a secondary business. As they were very isolated they also had to raise their food, in small gardens. By the standards of the day Kingsley treated his slaves well—he married one—and they were loyal to him.</p><br>
<p>Free blacks and several private owners lived at the plantation until it was purchased by the State of Florida in 1955. It was acquired by the National Park Service in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The most prominent features of Kingsley Plantation are the owner&#39;s house—a structure of architectural significance built probably between 1797 and 1798 that is cited as being the oldest surviving plantation house in the state—and an attached kitchen house, barn, and remains of 25 anthropologically valuable slave cabins that endured beyond the USA Civil War (1861–1865). The foundations of the house, kitchen, barn, and the slave quarters were constructed of durable tabby concrete. Archeological evidence found in and around the slave cabins has given researchers insight into African traditions among slaves who had recently arrived in North America.</p><br>
<p>Zephaniah Kingsley wrote a defense of slavery and the three-tier social system that acknowledged the rights of free people of color that existed in Florida under Spanish rule. Kingsley briefly served on the Florida Territorial Council.</p><br>
<p>Kingsley Plantation was not Kingsley&#39;s only or even his primary plantation. His plantation on Drayton Island has not been studied. "At the other end of Fort George, now Batten Island, he built himself a house of some size, which is now in ruins; there lived Flora, his black mistress. He divided his time about equally between the two places." "In the 1830 census he owned only 39 slaves at the present Fort George site, but 188 at a little-known San José plantation, in Nassau County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Pre-Columbian settlement and colonization</h3><br>
<p>Fort George Island is located in Duval County, several miles northeast of downtown Jacksonville. It is a marsh island at the mouth of the St. Johns River, surrounded by tidal estuaries, Little Talbot Island, and the Nassau River. The north Atlantic coast of Florida had been inhabited for approximately 12,000 years when Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León landed near Cape Canaveral in 1513. The Spanish met the Saturiwa, a Timucua tribe, who were the largest group of indigenous people in the region, numbering about 14,000. Bands of Timucua extended into central Florida and south Georgia. An estimated 35 chiefdoms existed in the territory, and their societies were complex with large villages sustained by fishing, hunting, and agriculture, but they frequently warred with each other and unrelated groups of Native Americans. The Spanish concentrated their efforts of exploration and settlement on the Gulf Coast of Florida. By 1562, Jean Ribault led French explorers to the mouth of the St. Johns River where they built a garrison in 1564, calling it Fort Caroline. Within 200 years the population of the indigenous people of Florida was decimated by disease and constant fighting. They left behind evidence of their existence in massive middens or shell mounds filled with discarded food byproducts. On Fort George Island, the shells were primarily oysters.</p><br>
<p>Ownership of Florida transferred to the United Kingdom in 1763. Spanish settlers had established missions—including one on Fort George Island named San Juan del Puerto that eventually gave the nearby St. Johns River its name—but their frequent battles with the Timucua and a decline in mission activity curbed development. When the British controlled Florida, they established several plantations in the region. Richard Hazard owned the first plantation on Fort George Island in 1765, harvesting indigo with several dozen enslaved Africans. Spain regained ownership of Florida in 1783 after the American Revolution and recruited new Americans with promises of free land.</p><br>
<p>In 1793, American Revolution veteran John "Lightning" McQueen (1751–1807) was lured to Fort George Island from South Carolina by the Spanish government, which rewarded McQueen with the island. McQueen settled with 300 slaves and constructed a large house in a unique architectural style exhibiting four corner pavilions surrounding a great room. McQueen was soon bankrupt due to misfortunes, and the possession of the plantation turned over to John McIntosh (1773–1836) from Georgia who revived it in 1804. McIntosh, however, took a leading role in the Patriot Rebellion, an insurgency by Americans to hasten the annexation of Florida to the United States. The rebellion was unsuccessful, and McIntosh fled back into Georgia to escape punishment from the Spanish.</p><br>
<h3>Kingsley&#39;s family</h3><br>
<p>Born in Bristol, England and educated in London after his family moved to colonial South Carolina, Zephaniah Kingsley (1765–1843) established his career as a slave trader and shipping magnate, which allowed him to travel widely. He settled on Fort George Island in 1814 after leasing it from McIntosh. He purchased the land and buildings for $7,000 in 1817. Kingsley owned several plantations around the lower St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville, and Drayton Island in central Florida; two of them may have been managed part-time by his wife, a former slave named Anna Madgigine Jai (1793–1870). Kingsley married Anna in 1806 when she was 13 years old, recently arrived in Cuba from West Africa. He freed her in 1811 and charged her with running his Laurel Grove plantation at Doctors Lake in modern-day Orange Park. His legal emancipation submitted to the Spanish colonial government read</p><br>
<p>Let it be known that I... possessed as a slave a black woman called Anna, around eighteen years of age, bought as a bozal in the port of Havana from a slave cargo, who with the permission of the government was introduced here; the said black woman has given birth to three mulatto children: George, about 3 years 9 months, Martha, 20 months old, an Mary, one month old. And regarding the good qualities shown by the said black woman, the nicety and fidelity which she has shown me, and for other reasons, I have resolved to set her free... and the same to her three children.</p><br>
<p>Marriages between white plantation owners and African women were common in East Florida. The Spanish government provided for a separate class of free people of color, and encouraged slaves to purchase their freedom. Slavery under Spain in Florida was not considered a lifelong condition, and free blacks were involved in the economic development of the region, many of them owning their own slaves. Anna oversaw 60 slaves at Fort George Island, who grew sea island cotton, citrus, corn, sugarcane, beans, and potatoes. John Maxwell, the fourth child, was born in 1824 when Kingsley and Anna lived on Fort George Island. Kingsley also maintained relationships with three other African women who acted as co-wives or concubines: Flora H., Sarah M. and Munsilna McGundo. Anna Jai remained the matriarch in the polygamous family. Historian Daniel Schafer posits that Anna Jai would have been familiar with the concepts of polygamy and marrying a slave master to acquire one&#39;s freedom. Visitors to the plantation were invited to a dinner table where Kingsley displayed his multi-racial children with pride. He provided them with the best education he could afford, and considered them a shield from any potential racial uprising.</p><br>
<p>Authors of an ethnological study of slavery at Kingsley Plantation characterized Kingsley as a man of complex paradoxes, defiantly proud of his success as a slaveholder, yet dedicated to his multiracial family. Kingsley published a defense of slavery in 1828, identifying himself only as "An Inhabitant of Florida". He rationalized the institution as a necessary condition for any society, beneficial to owner and slave alike, and to the overall economy. He did not consider race the only factor that should determine servitude status, writing, "Few, I think will deny that color and condition, if properly considered, are two very separate qualities... our legislators... have mistaken the shadow for the substance, and confounded together two very different things; thereby substantiating by law a dangerous and inconvenient antipathy, which can have no better foundation than prejudice." In 1823 President James Monroe appointed Kingsley to Floridas Territorial Council, where he tried to persuade them to define the rights of free people of color. When it became apparent to him that they could not, he resigned. The council passed laws that increasingly restricted the rights which free blacks enjoyed under Spanish control. The treatise was Kingsleys response to these restrictions; he favored the Spanish three-tier system of white landowners, black slaves, and freed blacks. The pamphlet was reprinted again in 1834, and Southerners used its arguments to defend slavery in debates leading to the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The Florida Territorial Council passed laws that forbade interracial marriage and the inheriting of property by free blacks or mixed race descendants. To avoid difficulties with the new government in what he termed its "spirit of intolerant prejudice", Kingsley sent his wives, children, and a few slaves to Haiti, by that time a free black republic. His two daughters had already married white planters and remained in Florida. He sold the plantation to his nephew, Kingsley Beatty Gibbs, in 1839, and transferred some of the slaves to his plantation in San José, now a neighborhood in Jacksonville. Kingsley started a plantation in Haiti that was worked by former Fort George Island slaves, who had become indentured servants; slavery was not allowed in Haiti. They were to earn their freedom in nine years. In 1842 Kingsley gave an interview to the abolitionist Lydia Child. When she asked him if he was aware that his occupation as a slave trader might be perceived as being akin to piracy, he responded "Yes; and I am glad of it. They will look upon a slaveholder just so, by and by. Slave trading was a very respectable business when I was young. The first merchants in England and America were engaged in it. Some people hide things which they think other people don&#39;t like. I never conceal anything."</p><br>
<p>He went on to exhibit considerable pride in the Haitian plantation built with the help of his sons:</p><br>
<p>I wish you would go there. would give you the best in the house. You ought to go, to see how happy the human race can be. It is a fine, rich valley, about thirty miles from Port Platte; heavily timbered with mahogany all round; well watered; flowers so beautiful; fruits in abundance, so delicious that you could not refrain from stopping to eat, till you could eat no more. My sons have laid out good roads, and built bridges and mills; the people are improving, and everything is prosperous.</p><br>
<p>Kingsley died in the next year, while en route to New York City to work on a land deal. Anna returned to Florida in 1846 to settle an inheritance dispute with some of her husbands white relatives; because the will had been made under Spanish law, when inheritance by free blacks was legal, the court ruled in her favor and control of the Kingsleys holdings in Florida remained with her and her children for several years. Kingsley Beatty Gibbs sold the Fort George Island plantation in 1852 and moved to St Augustine.</p><br>
<h3>Post-Kingsley inhabitants</h3><br>
<p>Anna Jai moved with about 70 former slaves to the Arlington neighborhood of Jacksonville, where she lived out her remaining years. The ownership of the island and farms immediately following its sale by Gibbs is unknown, but after the American Civil War, the Freedmen&#39;s Bureau managed the island and recently emancipated freedmen lived in the former slave quarters and farmed the land.</p><br>
<p>A New Hampshire farmer named John Rollins (1835–1905) purchased the island in 1869 and made extensive changes to the plantation house, which had been vacant. Finding agriculture in Florida not as successful as he wished, he transitioned the island into a tourist resort, building a large luxury hotel, the Fort George Hotel (1875), and attracting celebrities such as banker William Astor and writer Harriet Beecher Stowe. The slave quarters were displayed as tourist attractions. The hotel burned down in 1888 and was not rebuilt; it would have had competition from the new Ponce de Leon Hotel in St. Augustine, accessible by railroad. The Rollins family turned to citrus cultivation until a freeze in 1894 destroyed their trees. Rollins daughters family was the last to live in the main house; she sold the island to private investors in 1923.</p><br>
<p>Two clubs were constructed on the island for well-to-do Jacksonville residents. In 1923, 208 acres of Fort George Island were purchased from the Rollins heirs by the Fort George Corporation, which then leased 58 acres, including the Kingsley Plantation buildings, to the Army and Navy Country Club of Florida. Renamed the Fort George Club in 1926, the club built a new clubhouse in 1927 adjacent to the plantation house, which was used as an annex for additional accommodations. The clubhouse burned in 1936, but was rebuilt in 1938, with the plantation house serving as the clubhouse in the meantime. Financial difficulties due to the Depression, along with an aging membership, however, caused the club to decline, and in 1948 the club ceased operations and put its real estate on the market. The clubhouse has been torn down.</p><br>
<p>The Ribault Club, built in 1928 and restored in 2003, is on the National Register of Historic Sites and is today run by the state of Florida as the Visitor Center for Fort George Island.</p><br>
<p>The Florida Park Service acquired most of Fort George Island in 1955, including the plantation houses, barn, and slave quarters, calling it the Kingsley Plantation State Historic Site. An effort to restore the property to its appearance while the Kingsley family was in residence began in 1967. The Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve was created by the National Park Service in 1988. Several sites, including Fort Caroline and other ecologically significant properties in Jacksonville, are under the management of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. Kingsley Plantation was transferred to the National Park Service in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>Slavery on Fort George Island</h2><br>
<p>Kingsleys plantations, first at Laurel Grove and then at Fort George, were the headquarters of his slave trading business. Kingsley owned a fleet of slave schooners, some built at a shipyard on the plantation, using white artisans that Kingsley hired for the purpose. We know the name of only one, his schooner "North Carolina". There is a widows walk on the house. They would discharge their African cargos at the plantation, openly until Florida became American in 1821, clandestinely afterwards. To increase their value and salability, newly-arrived slaves were taught some English and trained in agricultural tasks, and then they were marketed at premium prices to planters. "Kingsley niggers" were widely recognized as the best. The production of agricultural products that could be sold was a welcome side venture.</p><br>
<p>Labor at Kingsley Plantation was carried out by the task system: each slave was given an assigned set of tasks for the day, such as processing 20 - of cotton or constructing three barrels for a slave who was a cooper. When the day&#39;s jobs were completed, slaves were free to do as they chose. Kingsley Beatty Gibbs described the task system in his journal:</p><br>
<p>October 5, 1841—No work was done today, as all the people have it to gather their own crop—It is a rule which we have, to give all the negroes one day in the spring to plant, and one day in the fall to reap, and as there is a rule on Sea Island plantations fixing the tasks required each day to be done, it occurs, during the long days of summer, that the hand is generally done his task by 2 p.m., often sooner, so they have abundance of time to work their own crop, fish, etc., etc.</p><br>
<p>This task system of slavery was common among sea island plantations in the Southeastern United States. In contrast, cotton and tobacco plantations in Virginia and other parts of the South practiced the gang system, where an overseer who was also a slave drove slaves to work the entire day. Slaves on Fort George Island were African or first generation African American. Records and archeological information show they were Igbo and Calabari from Nigeria, and others from the area around what is today Guinea, and a few from Zanzibar. Archeologist Charles H. Fairbanks received a Florida Park Service grant to study artifacts found at the slave quarters. His findings, published in 1968, initiated further interest and research in African-American archeology in the USA Concentrating on two particular cabins bordering on Palmetto Avenue, Fairbanks found cooking pots used in fireplaces, animal bones—fish, pigs, raccoons, and turtles—discarded as food byproducts, and musket balls and fishing weights.</p><br>
<p>Fairbanks described Kingsley as "an unusually permissive slave owner" who wrote about the physical superiority of Africans to Europeans, armed his slaves for protection, and gave them padlocks for their cabins. Historian Daniel Stowell suggests that the cabins and Kingsleys hands-off approach to slave management was intended to prevent the slaves from running away. Kingsley himself wrote about not interfering in his slaves family lives and "encouraged as much as possible dancing, merriment and dress, for which Saturday afternoon and night, and Sunday morning were dedicated."</p><br>
<p>Kingsley used the plantation as his slave trading headquarters, training slaves for specific tasks to increase their value at sale. He developed them as skilled artisans and educated them about agriculture and planting. Those who had been trained by Kingsley fetched a much higher price at sale, on average 50 percent higher than market price.</p><br>
<h3>The slave cabins</h3><br>
<p>The slave houses were constructed out of tabby and built by the slaves probably in the 1820s or 1830s, although evidence exists that indicates two of them were inhabited by 1814. Tabby was constructed of shells left over from Timucua middens, burned by the barrel-full in open pits or kilns, then pounded into lime particles, mixed with water, sand, and whole oyster or clam shells, then poured into wooden foundations about 1 ft high, and set to dry. The process was repeated and stacked until the desired height of the wall was reached.</p><br>
<p>The floors of the kitchen house and the basement of the owner&#39;s house were also constructed of tabby. The material made the houses remarkably durable, resistant to weather and insects, better insulated than wood, and the ingredients were accessible and cheap, although labor-intensive. The slave quarters at Kingsley Plantation are widely considered some of the best surviving examples of the use of this building material.</p><br>
<p>Each cabin consisted of a room, fireplace, and sleeping loft. The arrangement of the quarters is distinctive: there were originally 32 cabins laid out in a semicircular arc interrupted by the main thoroughfare to the plantation, Palmetto Avenue. This formation is unique in plantations in the antebellum USA The historian Daniel Stowell surmises that it may have given slave families a modicum of privacy, although he also suggests overseers and slave managers may have arranged the quarters to be able to watch all the slaves from the owner&#39;s house at the same time. Author Daniel Schafer, however, suggests that Anna Jai may have been responsible for this layout. West African villages were commonly constructed in a circular pattern with the king or ruling family living in the center.</p><br>
<p>In the 1890s John Rollins tore down several of the slave cabins so as to build a boathouse and dock using the tabby slabs.</p><br>
<p>The archeological significance of the site is considerable as the majority of slave quarters in the Southern United States were not built with quality materials, and most quarters were destroyed after emancipation. In 2010, the plantation&#39;s cemetery was discovered by historical archaeologist Dr. Brittany Brown, a then undergraduate student at University of Florida. As a result, six graves thought to contain enslaved Africans were unearthed by University of Florida archaeologists. The bodies ranged in age from infants to an elderly woman; three were adults who were probably born in West Africa.</p><br>
<p>A 2006 excavation sponsored by the University of Florida uncovered artifacts from the slave cabins, such as the tools the slaves used. In one cabin an intact sacrificed chicken on top of an egg was unearthed, adding evidence to the hypothesis that African slaves kept many of their traditions alive in North America. Archeologists also discovered evidence of an added-on porch to one of the cabins facing away from the main house, an atypical feature for a slave cabin, as owners and overseers usually constructed quarters to be within their view at all times.</p><br>
<h2>Kingsley&#39;s house and other structures</h2><br>
<p>The main residence of the Fort George plantation is a unique two-story house that was constructed between 1797 and 1798 by John McQueen, who indicated in a letter at the time that he had built a comfortable house for himself. The house—resembling 17th-century British gentry homes—has a large center room and four one-story pavilions at each corner that allowed air to circulate through them to keep them cooler in the summer; each was a bedroom that had a fireplace to heat more efficiently in the winter. The second story of the house has two large rooms. In the cellar there were "secret, walled-up spaces&quot on the roof is a widow&#39;s walk. The house faces Fort George Inlet and features separate porches on the front and rear of the house. When Kingsley owned the property, a brick walkway joined the porch to a now-vanished wharf on the inlet. It is the oldest surviving plantation house in the state.</p><br>
<p>The main house protected John McQueen&#39;s family and neighbors during attacks from invading Creeks in 1802; he wrote that at one time 26 people took refuge there. Following raids from Americans during the Patriot Rebellion in 1813, the house was gutted and vandalized. Plantations as far south as New Smyrna were destroyed by rebels fleeing into Georgia. When Kingsley arrived, there were no metal fixtures in the doors and the wooden slave quarters had been burned down. John Rollins later added sections to the east and west sides of the house in between the pavilions in the 1890s and removed at least three of the fireplace chimneys from the pavilions. One of the clubs that owned the island in the 1920s added electricity.</p><br>
<p>Next to the main house was a two-story kitchen house that was called "Maam Anna House" while Anna Jai was on Fort George Island. It was probably built in the 1820s and doubled as a center for food preparation on the ground floor and Anna Jais residence with her children on the second. In West Africa, polygamy was common, and wives often lived in separate quarters from their husbands. Kingsleys nephew and his wife also lived on the grounds and Gibbs probably used a part of the second floor for an office. The main house and Maam Anna House were surrounded by a grove of orange, lemon, and banana trees with occasional ornamental crepe myrtles. Between 1869 and 1877 Rollins built a roof over the walkway between the kitchen house and the main house.</p><br>
<p>A barn constructed of tabby sits 150 ft from the owners house. Two wells have survived since Kingsleys ownership and two tombs of unknown origin constructed of tabby before Kingsley came to own the island are also located near the plantation; according to Pleasant Gold in her History of Duval County, 1928, inscriptions subsequently destroyed stated that they were the 1808 tombs of a daughter and sister of John McIntosh, who owned the plantation before Kingsley. Ruins of another tabby house sit near the entrance of Palmetto Avenue. According to park literature, it is called the Munsilna McGundo House for Kingsley&#39;s fourth wife, as Kingsley, referring to it as "her house", left it to her and her daughter Fatima in his will. More recently it has been referred to as Thomson Tabby House, named for a planter who died perhaps while constructing it. It was apparently the last tabby structure built on the island.</p><br>
<h2>Activities and restoration</h2><br>
<p>Kingsley Plantation currently showcases the remains of 23 slave houses out of 32 original cabins, located approximately 1,000 ft south of the main owners house. One of the slave houses has been restored to appear as it did in the early 19th century; others are in various states of repair or ruin. The kitchen house features a display about slavery on the island, and the garden is also on display. Maintenance of the historical structures is the most significant work being done at Kingsley Plantation. The kitchen and owners house were closed in 2005 due to severe structural damage caused by termites and humidity. The kitchen building was restored in 2006, but work is ongoing for the owners house. As of March 2017, the owners house is open for guided tours on a limited basis each weekend. The barn is being renovated and is now open. Despite the durability of the slave quarters, they are vulnerable to vandalism, and each cabin shows evidence of damage. One room of the kitchen house is open and contains exhibits.</p><br>
<p>Since 1998 Kingsley Plantation has hosted an annual one-day event, originally in October, later in February, called the Kingsley Heritage Celebration that coincides with the Kingsley family reunion.</p><br>
<p>Several relatives of Kingsley and Anna Jai are notable. Kingsleys youngest sisters daughter, Anna McNeill, participated with her mother in attempting to block Anna Jai from inheriting Kingsleys property. McNeill served as the model for her son, the artist James Whistler, in his Arrangement in Grey and Black: The Artists Mother, popularly known as Whistlers Mother. Kingsley Beatty Gibbs brother was George Couper Gibbs, a planter in St. Johns County, south of Fort George Island near St. Augustine. Former governor of South Carolina Duncan Clinch Heyward is descended from him.</p><br>
<p>Another branch of Kingsley descendants lives in the Dominican Republic near where John Maxwell Kingsley lived in Haiti. Kingsley and Anna Jai are the great-grandparents of Mary Kingsley Sammis, who married Abraham Lincoln Lewis, one of Floridas first black millionaires and an original investor in the all-black American Beach. The Kingsley-Sammis-Lewis-Betsch family has been active in Jacksonvilles black community for decades. Spelman College&#39;s first black female president, Johnnetta Betsch Cole, is descended from Lewis and Sammis. The Heritage Celebration was moved to Black History Month in February 2008; Cole was the keynote speaker of the 2009 Kingsley Heritage Celebration. Interpretive events such as music, storytelling, and ranger-led talks about history and archeology regularly occur during the Heritage Celebration.</p><br>
<p>The Union School is an historic, American building that is located at 516-518 Bethlehem Pike in the Fort Washington section of Whitemarsh Township, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The Union School has been listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places since 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1773, the Union School was one of the earliest public schools in Pennsylvania, and the first that did not discriminate based on social position or religious preference. The building is sometimes referred to as the "cradle of free education."</p><br>
<p>As part of his will, local Quaker businessman Samuel Morris stipulated that a sum of money from his estate be set for the building of a school and a teacher&#39;s salary. The school was to provide free education for all within a one-and-a-half-mile radius of Hope Lodge, his country mansion. After Morris died in 1770, his brother Joshua had the school built.</p><br>
<p>The original section was built in 1773 and is a two-and-one-half-story building that measures twenty-three feet wide by forty-eight feet long. The school and attached schoolmaster&#39;s house were built using fieldstone portions that were covered in painted stucco.</p><br>
<p>In 1792, the Union School was incorporated as the Union School in Whitemarsh. The school was in continuous use from 1773 until 1936, except for a brief period in 1873 when it served as a lyceum. The trust fund established by Samuel Morris remains in existence today, supporting education in the townships of Whitpain, Whitemarsh and Upper Dublin in Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The Union School has been listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places since 1980.</p><br>
<p>Today, the Union School building is a privately owned residence. The museum of the Fort Washington Historical Society in the Clifton House contains a replica of the school room.</p><br>
<p>The Lewis Mausoleum is a historic mausoleum in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located in Memorial Cemetery, at the junction of Edgewood Avenue and Moncreif Road. On October 24, 1997, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The mausoleum is the resting place of Abraham Lincoln Lewis (1865-1947), a Florida pioneer and prominent businessman in the African-American community. Lewis was co-founder of Afro-American Life, an early provider of insurance services to African-Americans. He also responded to segregation by opening a country club, a golf course and an oceanfront recreational area that welcomed a non-white clientele. He assisted Booker T. Washington in the creation of the national Negro Business League, and supported historically black colleges. He is interred with his first wife, Mary Sammis Lewis (1865–1923).</p><br>
